Python Tkinter 简单使用

佚名 5年前 (2019-01-19) Python 1141人围观抢沙发百度已收录

简单的一些实例，能够实现一般的功能就够用了 Tkinter：创建顶层窗口： # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from Tkinter import * root = Tk() root.title("顶层窗口") root.mainloop() Label使用： # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from Tkinter import * root = Tk() root.title("顶层窗口") label = Label(root, text="Hello World!") label.pack() root.mainloop() 加入一些参数： # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from Tkinter import * root = Tk() root.title("顶层窗口") label = Label(root, text="Hello World!", height=10, width=30, fg="black", bg="pink") label.pack() root.mainloop() Frame： # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from Tkinter import * root = Tk() root.title("顶层窗口") for relief in [RAISED, SUNKEN, RIDGE, GROOVE, SOLID]: f = Frame(root, borderwidth=2, relief=relief) Label(f, text=relief, width=10).pack(side=LEFT) f.pack(side=LEFT, padx=5, pady=5) root.mainloop() Button： # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from Tkinter import * root = Tk() root.title("顶层窗口") Button(root, text="禁用", state=DISABLED).pack(side=LEFT) Button(root, text="取消").pack(side=LEFT) Button(root, text="确定").pack(side=LEFT) Button(root, text="退出", command=root.quit).pack(side=RIGHT) root.mainloop() 给按钮加一些参数： # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from Tkinter import * root = Tk() root.title("顶层窗口") Button(root, text="禁用", state=DISABLED, height=2, width=10).pack(side=LEFT) Button(root, text="取消", height=2, width=10, fg="red").pack(side=LEFT) Button(root, text="确定", height=2, width=10, fg="blue", activebackground="blue", activeforeground="yellow").pack( side=LEFT) Button(root, text="退出", command=root.quit, fg="black", height=2, width=10).pack(side=RIGHT) root.mainloop() Entry： # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from Tkinter import * root = Tk() root.title("顶层窗口") f1 = Frame(root) Label(f1, text="标准输入框：").pack(side=LEFT, padx=5, pady=10) e1 = StringVar() Entry(f1, width=50, textvariable=e1).pack(side=LEFT) e1.set("请输入内容") f1.pack() f2 = Frame(root) e2 = StringVar() Label(f2, text="禁用输入框：").pack(side=LEFT, padx=5, pady=10) Entry(f2, width=50, textvariable=e2, state=DISABLED).pack(side=LEFT) e2.set("不可修改内容") f2.pack() root.mainloop() 小案例：摄氏度转为华氏度 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import Tkinter as tk def cToFClicked(): cd = float(entryCd.get()) labelcToF.config(text="%.2f摄氏度 = %.2f华氏度" % (cd, cd * 1.8 + 32)) top = tk.Tk() top.title("摄氏度转华氏度") labelcToF = tk.Label(top, text="摄氏度转华氏度", height=5, width=30, fg="blue") labelcToF.pack() entryCd = tk.Entry(top, text="0") entryCd.pack() btnCal = tk.Button(top, text="计算", command=cToFClicked) btnCal.pack() top.mainloop() RadioButton： # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from Tkinter import * root = Tk() root.title("顶层窗口") foo = IntVar() for text, value in [('red', 1), ('greed', 2), ('black', 3), ('blue', 4), ('yellow', 5)]: r = Radiobutton(root, text=text, value=value, variable=foo) r.pack(anchor=W) foo.set(2) root.mainloop() CheckButton： # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from Tkinter import * root = Tk() root.title("顶层窗口") l = [('red', 1), ('green', 2), ('black', 3), ('blue', 4), ('yellow', 5)] for text, value in l: foo = IntVar() c = Checkbutton(root, text=text, variable=foo) c.pack(anchor=W) root.mainloop() 其他的东西比如文本框，滚动条其实类似，这里就不全部列出来了，其实最常用的也是上面的这些东西下面做一些小案例： # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- from Tkinter import * class MainWindow: def __init__(self): self.frame = Tk() self.label_name = Label(self.frame, text="name:") self.label_age = Label(self.frame, text="age:") self.label_sex = Label(self.frame, text="sex:") self.text_name = Text(self.frame, height=1, width=30) self.text_age = Text(self.frame, height=1, width=30) self.text_sex = Text(self.frame, height=1, width=30) self.label_name.grid(row=0, column=0) self.label_age.grid(row=1, column=0) self.label_sex.grid(row=2, column=0) self.button_ok = Button(self.frame, text="ok", width=10) self.button_cancel = Button(self.frame, text="cancel", width=10) self.text_name.grid(row=0, column=1) self.text_age.grid(row=1, column=1) self.text_sex.grid(row=2, column=1) self.button_ok.grid(row=3, column=0) self.button_cancel.grid(row=3, column=1) self.frame.mainloop() frame = MainWindow() 最后一个综合案例计算器： # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- from Tkinter import * def frame(root, side): w = Frame(root) w.pack(side=side, expand=YES, fill=BOTH) return w def button(root, side, text, command=None): w = Button(root, text=text, command=command) w.pack(side=side, expand=YES, fill=BOTH) return w class Calculator(Frame): def __init__(self): Frame.__init__(self) self.option_add('*Font', 'Verdana 12 bold') self.pack(expand=YES, fill=BOTH) self.master.title('Simple Cal') self.master.iconname('calc1') display = StringVar() Entry(self, relief=SUNKEN, textvariable=display).pack(side=TOP, expand=YES, fill=BOTH) for key in ('123', '456', '789', '+0.'): keyF = frame(self, TOP) for char in key: button(keyF, LEFT, char, lambda w=display, c=char: w.set(w.get() + c)) opsF = frame(self, TOP) for char in '-*/=': if char == '=': btn = button(opsF, LEFT, char) btn.bind('<ButtonRelease-1>', lambda e, s=self, w=display: s.calc(w), '+') else: btn = button(opsF, LEFT, char, lambda w=display, s='%s' % char: w.set(w.get() + s)) clearF = frame(self, BOTTOM) button(clearF, LEFT, 'CLEAR', lambda w=display: w.set('')) def calc(self, display): try: display.set(eval(display.get())) except: display.set('ERROR') if __name__ == '__main__': Calculator().mainloop()